Introduction

Similar to other organs in our body, the central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord, can develop various diseases.
 
Neurosurgery is the field that understands the pathophysiology of central nervous system diseases (brain tumors, brain injuries, cerebrovascular diseases, congenital malformations of the central nervous system, spinal diseases, functional movement disorders), diagnoses them, performs surgical treatments, and provides post-operative care to ensure normal recovery for these patients.
 
Neurosurgery performs surgeries for cerebrovascular diseases such as brain aneurysms, vascular malformations, carotid artery diseases, cerebrovascular stenosis, and hemorrhages, as well as surgeries for brain tumors including meningiomas, gliomas, and pituitary tumors. It also handles surgeries for spinal stenosis, cervical and lumbar disc diseases, spinal tumors, head and spinal injuries, and surgeries for conditions such as hemifacial spasm, trigeminal neuralgia, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, chronic pain, and terminal cancer pain, as well as surgeries for pediatric neurological diseases such as spina bifida, hydrocephalus, and craniosynostosis. In the future, brain transplantation, which remains largely unexplored, may also become possible in neurosurgery.